New South Wales
Understanding road laws
Safe car travel
Safe and comfortable car travel is important for everyone.
Car seats, booster seats and seatbelts help protect passengers if a vehicle stops suddenly or is involved in a crash. Using the right restraint for a person’s size and needs can reduce the risk of serious injury or death.
NSW road rules
If a person with disability or a medical condition can travel safely in a standard Australian child restraint, booster seat or vehicle seatbelt, the table below shows the minimum legal requirements and best practice recommendations for safer travel.
Age |
Road rule |
Best practice recommendation |
Under 6 months |
Rearward-facing child restraint |
Rearward-facing child restraint |
6 months to under 4 years |
Rearward-facing or forward-facing child restraint |
Rearward-facing child restraint for as long as the child fits, then a forward-facing child restraint with an inbuilt harness |
4 to under 7 years |
Forward-facing child restraint or booster seat |
Forward-facing child restraint with an inbuilt harness for as long as the child fits, then a booster seat with a lap-sash seatbelt |
7 to under 16 years |
Booster seat or vehicle seatbelt |
Booster seat until the child fits a vehicle seatbelt properly. Use the five-step test to check when they are ready to use a seatbelt |
Alternative restraints and methods of travel
Some people with disability or a medical condition cannot travel safely using a standard child restraint, booster seat or vehicle seatbelt.
New South Wales road rules include provisions that may allow alternative methods of travel for people with disability or medical conditions. The requirements depend on the person’s age and how they need to travel.
Alternative methods of travel may include:
- special purpose car seats
- modified child restraints or vehicle seatbelts
- specialty harness/vests
- buckle covers
- extra recline or positioning supports
- travelling in the front row of a vehicle when the person is under 7 years of age
- in rare circumstances, travelling without a child restraint or seatbelt.
A medical certificate and/or other approval may be required. A MACA Certified Professional can help with transport assessments and documentation.
Seatbelt buckle covers
The NSW Vehicle Standards Information 49 (VSI 49) provides the conditions that must be met for the legal use of a seatbelt buckle cover, without needing to apply to Transport for NSW for approval.
VSI 49 requires the following:
- medical certificate to be carried in the vehicle with the buckle cover manufacturer’s instructions attached.
- the seatbelt buckle cover must comply with AS 4370:1996 (note this standard is out of date) and be fitted in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.
- the seatbelt buckle cover must be removed when not being used by the nominated person.
NOTE: VSI 49 has not been updated since 2007 and includes out-of-date information. MACA continues to request that VSI 49 be reviewed.
School and community transport
Children and adults with disability may need additional supports, an alternative restraint or another travel arrangement when using school, community or other organised transport services.
In addition to road-rule and vehicle-standard requirements, transport providers, schools and organisations may have their own policies and approval processes.
If a person is having difficulty travelling safely, speak with the relevant transport provider or organisation and consider seeking an assessment from a MACA Certified Professional.
Where to get help
A MACA Certified Professional is an occupational therapist or physiotherapist with specialist training in vehicle transport. They can:
- assess transport needs
- recommend alternative restraints or methods of travel
- recommend strategies and other supports for safe transport
- help you understand the documentation or approvals that may be needed.
Review of Australian Road Rules
The Australian Road Rules for children under 16 years of age are under review. Subscribe to MACA’s newsletter to keep updated.
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